ECONOMY

ECONOMY OF BANGLADESH

Statistics
Dhaka, the financial centre of Bangladesh
Currency	Bangladeshi taka (BDT, ৳)
Fiscal year	1 July – 30 June
Trade organizations	SAFTA, SAARC, BIMSTEC, WTO, AIIB, IMF, Commonwealth of Nations, World Bank, ADB, Developing-8
Country group	Developing/Emerging^[1] Lower-middle income economy^[2]
Population	162,650,853 (2020 est.)^[3]
GDP	$353 billion (nominal; 2021 est.)^[4] $966 billion (PPP; 2021 est.) ^[4]
GDP rank	35th (nominal, 2020) 29th (PPP, 2020)
GDP growth	7.9% (17/18) 8.2% (18/19e) 5.2% (19/20f) 6.8% (20/21f)^[5]
GDP per capita	$2,122 (nominal, 2021)^[4] $5,811 (PPP, 2021 est.)^[4]
GDP per capita rank	139th (nominal, 2020) 135th (PPP, 2020)
GDP by sector	agriculture: 14.23% industry: 35.66% services: 50.11% (FY18)^[6]^[7]
Inflation (CPI)	5.5% (2020 est.)^[8]
Population below poverty line	20.5% in poverty (2019)^[9]^[10] 28.3% on less than $3.20/day (2020f)^[11] 6% living in extreme poverty (2020)^[12]^[13]
Gini coefficient	32.4 medium (2016, World Bank)^[14]
Human Development Index	0.632 medium (2019)^[15] (133th) 0.478 Low IHDI (2019)^[16]
Labor force	69,706,733 (2019)^[17] 55.8% employment rate (2017)^[18]
Labor force by occupation	agriculture: 40.6% industry: 20.4% services: 39.6% (2017 est.)^[19]
Unemployment	Overall 4.2% Male 3.1% Female 6.7% (2017 est.)^[20]
Main industries	Textiles pharmaceutical products electronics shipbuilding automotive bicycle leather jute glass paper plastic food and beverages cement tea rice natural gas and crude petroleum iron and steel
Ease-of-doing-business rank	168th (below average, 2020)^[21]
External
Exports	$33.60 billion (July 2019 - June 2020)^[22] $47.2 billion (July 2018- June 2019)^[23]
Export goods	Textiles, Garments (2nd largest exporter in the world), Leather & Leather Goods, Pharmaceuticals and other Chemical products, Ceramic Products, Bicycles, Jute and Jute Goods, IT, Agricultural Products, Frozen Food (Fish and Seafood)
Main export partners	European Union(+) 58.2% United States(+) 16.3% Japan(+) 3.1% Canada(+) 3.0% India(+) 2.4% Australia(+) 1.9% China(+) 1.9% Southeast Asia(+) 1.6% Others 11.6%^[24]
Imports	$46.24 billion (July 2019- June 2020)^[25] $45.44 billion (July 2018- June 2019)^[26]
Import goods	Textiles and Textile Articles, Machinery and Mechanical Appliances, Electrical Equipment, Mineral Products, Vegetable Products, Metal & metal products, Chemicals & Allied Products, Vehicles & Aircraft
Main import partners	China(+) 21.5% India(+) 12.2% Singapore(+) 9.2% European Union(+) 6.2% Hong Kong(+) 5.5% Other 45.3%^[27]
FDI stock	$16.85 billion (March 2020 est.)^[28]^[29] Abroad: $309.6 million (31 December 2017 est.)^[30]
Current account	−$0.8035 billion (2020 est.)
Gross external debt	$20.26 billion (31 December 2017 est.)^[30]
Public finances
Public debt	33.1% of GDP (2017 est.)^[30]
Budget balance	−3.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)^[30]
Revenues	$22.36 billion (৳2.05 trillion) (FY18)^[31]
Expenses	$67.00 billion (FY 2020-21) ৳5.68 trillion ^[32]^[33]
Credit rating	List of ratings Standard & Poor's:^[34] BB− (Domestic) BB− (Foreign) BB− (T&C Assessment) Outlook: Stable Moody's:^[35] Ba3 Outlook: Stable Fitch:^[36] BB− Outlook: Stable
Foreign reserves	$45.00 billion (February 2021)^[37] (41st)
Main data source: CIA World Fact Book All values, unless otherwise stated, are in US dollars.

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